Filters events from the input array using the function provided in the array.

The order is maintained in the output array.

ParameterTypeRequiredDefault ValueDescription
array[a]stringrequired  A string in the format of a valid array followed by []. A valid array can either be an identifier, a valid array followed by . and an identifier, or a valid array followed by an array index surrounded by square brackets. For example, for events with fields incidents[0], incidents[1], ... this would be incidents[] .
functionNon-aggregate functionrequired  The function to use for filtering events in the array.
varstringrequired  Name of the variable to be used in function argument.

[a] The argument name array can be omitted.

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Show omitted argument names for this function

Deduplicate Compound Field Data

Query
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splitString(field=userAgent,by=" ",as=agents)
  
|array:filter(array="agents[]", function={bname=/\//}, var="bname")
     
|array:union(array=agents,as=browsers)
|transpose()
|drop(column)
|groupBy(row[1])
Introduction

Deduplicating fields of information where there are multiple occurrences of a value in a single field, maybe separated by a single character can be achieved in a variety of ways. This solution makes use of array:union(), transpose() and groupBy() to collate and aggregate the information into the final list of values.

For example, when examining the humio and looking for the browsers or user agents that have used your instance, the UserAgent data will contain the browser and toolkits used to support them, for example:

syslog
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/116.0.0.0 Safari/537.36

The actual names are the Name/Version pairs showing compatibility with different browser standards. Resolving this into a simplified list requires splitting up the list, simplifying (to remove duplicates), filtering, and then summarizing the final list.

The process we need to follow is first extract the information into an array of values that we can then simplify and aggregate. It's possible the information in your raw data is already stored in an array of information that needs to be summarised.

Step-by-Step

  1. Starting with the source repository events.

  2. logscale
    splitString(field=userAgent,by=" ",as=agents)

    Splits up the userAgent field using a call to splitString() and places the output into the array field agents

    This will create individual array entries into the agents array for each event:

    agents[0]="Mozilla/5.0"
    agents[1]="(Macintosh;"
    agents[2]="Intel"
    agents[3]="Mac"
    agents[4]="OS"
    agents[5]="X"
    agents[6]="10_15_7)"
    agents[7]="AppleWebKit/537.36"
    agents[8]="(KHTML,"
    agents[9]="like"
    agents[10]="Gecko)"
    agents[11]="Chrome/116.0.0.0"
    agents[12]="Safari/537.36"
  3. logscale
    |array:filter(array="agents[]", function={bname=/\//}, var="bname")

  4. logscale
    |array:union(array=agents,as=browsers)

    Using array:union() we aggregate the list of user agents across all the events to create a list of unique entries. This will eliminate duplicates where the value of the user agent is the same value.

  5. logscale
    |transpose()

    Using the transpose() function, we transpose the rows and columns for the list of matching field names and values, turning:

    browsers[0]browsers[1]browsers[2]
    Gecko/20100101Safari/537.36AppleWebKit/605.1.15

    into:

    columnrow[1]
    browsers[0]Gecko/20100101
    browsers[1]Safari/537.36
    browsers[2]AppleWebKit/605.1.15
  6. logscale
    |drop(column)

    We do not need the column information, just the unique list of browsers in the row[1] column, so we drop the field from the event list.

  7. logscale
    |groupBy(row[1])

    Now we can aggregate the list, by the remaining field row[1] to provide the unique list of potential values. This is not a count of the times each has occurred, but a unique list of all the different possible values. The resulting list looks like this:

  8. Event Result set.

Summary and Results

The resulting output from the query is a summarized list of the unique possible values from the original source fields, even though the source information was originally contained within a single field in the source events.

row[1]_count
AppleWebKit/537.361
AppleWebKit/605.1.151
CFNetwork/1410.0.31
Chrome/116.0.0.01
Darwin/22.6.01
Firefox/116.01
Gecko/201001011
Mobile/15E1481
Mozilla/5.01
Safari/18615.3.12.11.21
Safari/537.361
Safari/604.11
Safari/605.1.151
Version/16.41
Version/16.61

Deduplicate Compound Field Data With array:union() and split()

Query
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splitString(field=userAgent,by=" ",as=agents)
|array:filter(array="agents[]", function={bname=/\//}, var="bname")
|array:union(array=agents,as=browsers)
split(browsers)
Introduction

Deduplicating fields of information where there are multiple occurences of a value in a single field, maybe seaprated by a single character can be achieved in a variety of ways. This solution uses array:union() and split create a unique array and then split the content out to a unique list.

For example, when examining the humio and looking for the browsers or user agents that have used your instance, the UserAgent data will contain the browser and toolkits used to support them, for example: 

Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/116.0.0.0 Safari/537.36

The actual names are the Name/Version pairs showing compatibility with different browser standards. Resolving this into a simplified list requires splitting up the list, simplifying (to remove duplicates), filtering, and then summarizing the final list.

Step-by-Step

  1. Starting with the source repository events.

  2. logscale
    splitString(field=userAgent,by=" ",as=agents)

    First we split up the userAgent field using a call to splitString() and place the output into the array field agents

    This will create individual array entries into the agents array for each event: 

    agents[0]="Mozilla/5.0"
agents[1]="(Macintosh;"
agents[2]="Intel"
agents[3]="Mac"
agents[4]="OS"
agents[5]="X"
agents[6]="10_15_7)"
agents[7]="AppleWebKit/537.36"
agents[8]="(KHTML,"
agents[9]="like"
agents[10]="Gecko)"
agents[11]="Chrome/116.0.0.0"
agents[12]="Safari/537.36"
  3. logscale
    |array:filter(array="agents[]", function={bname=/\//}, var="bname")

  4. logscale
    |array:union(array=agents,as=browsers)

    Using array:union() we aggregate the list of user agents across all the events to create a list of unique entries. This will eliminate duplicates where the value of the user agent is the same value.

    The event data now looks like this:

    browsers[0]browsers[1]browsers[2]
    Gecko/20100101Safari/537.36AppleWebKit/605.1.15

    An array of the individual values.

  5. logscale
    split(browsers)

    Using the split() will split the array into individual events, turning:

    browsers[0]browsers[1]browsers[2]
    Gecko/20100101Safari/537.36AppleWebKit/605.1.15

    into:

    _indexrow[1]
    0Gecko/20100101
    1Safari/537.36
    2AppleWebKit/605.1.15

  6. Event Result set.

Summary and Results

The resulting output from the query is a list of events with each event containing a matching _index and browser. This can be useful if you want to perform further processing on a list of events rather than an array of values.

Filter an Array on a Given Condition

Filter the elements of a flat array on a given condition using the array filter function array:filter()

Query
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array:filter(array="mailto[]", var="addr", function={addr=ba*@example.com}, asArray="out[]")
Introduction

It is possible to filter an array on a given condition using the array filter function array:filter(). The array:filter() creates a new array with elements matching the specified conditions and does not change the original array. The new array will retain the original order.

Example incoming data might look like this:

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mailto[0]=foo@example.com
mailto[1]=bar@example.com
mailto[2]=baz@example.com

Step-by-Step

  1. Starting with the source repository events.

  2. logscale
    array:filter(array="mailto[]", var="addr", function={addr=ba*@example.com}, asArray="out[]")

    Filters the mailto[] array to include only elements that contain the value ba*@example.com, this is achieved by testing the value of each element of the array, set by the var parameter as addr, returning a new array that only contains elements that meet the specified condition. The expression in the function argument should contain the field declared in the addr parameter.

  3. Event Result set.

Summary and Results

The query is used to filter values from the input array using the function provided in the array and return a new array with the results meeting the specified condition.

Sample output from the incoming example data:

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out[0]=bar@example.com
out[1]=baz@example.com